📱 Luyện tập trên App: Mở App IELTS — Flashcard từ vựng, bài tập ngữ pháp, đọc hiểu, nghe và kiểm tra có chấm điểm tự động!

🌅 Buổi sáng (15-20 phút) — Từ vựng: Crime & Law

Hôm nay chúng ta học về tội phạm và pháp luật — chủ đề thường gặp trong IELTS Writing Task 2! ⚖️🔒

💡 Chưa biết đọc IPA? Xem Hướng Dẫn Đọc Phiên Âm Quốc Tế trước khi học từ vựng nhé!

📝 20 từ vựng hôm nay

# English Phát âm (IPA) Tiếng Việt Ví dụ
1 crime /kraɪm/ tội phạm Crime rates are increasing.
2 criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnəl/ tội phạm (người) The criminal was caught by police.
3 law /lɔː/ luật pháp Everyone must follow the law.
4 police /pəˈliːs/ cảnh sát The police arrived quickly.
5 arrest /əˈrest/ bắt giữ The man was arrested yesterday.
6 steal /stiːl/ ăn cắp Someone stole my wallet.
7 thief /θiːf/ kẻ trộm The thief ran away quickly.
8 robbery /ˈrɒbəri/ vụ cướp There was a robbery at the bank.
9 murder /ˈmɜːrdər/ giết người Murder is the most serious crime.
10 victim /ˈvɪktɪm/ nạn nhân The victim was taken to hospital.
11 evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ bằng chứng The police found important evidence.
12 witness /ˈwɪtnəs/ nhân chứng A witness saw the accident.
13 trial /ˈtraɪəl/ phiên tòa The trial will begin next week.
14 judge /dʒʌdʒ/ thẩm phán The judge made a fair decision.
15 punishment /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ hình phạt The punishment for theft is prison.
16 prison /ˈprɪzən/ nhà tù He was sent to prison for five years.
17 innocent /ˈɪnəsənt/ vô tội She was found innocent.
18 guilty /ˈɡɪlti/ có tội The jury found him guilty.
19 fine /faɪn/ tiền phạt He paid a fine for speeding.
20 safety /ˈseɪfti/ sự an toàn Public safety is very important.

✏️ Bài tập sáng

  1. Đọc to từng từ 3 lần, chú ý phát âm IPA
  2. Che cột Tiếng Việt, nhìn từ English → nhớ nghĩa
  3. Che cột English, nhìn Tiếng Việt → nhớ từ tiếng Anh
  4. Viết ra giấy 5 từ bạn thấy khó nhớ nhất

🌙 Buổi tối (40-60 phút) — Grammar: Non-defining Relative Clauses

📖 Non-defining Relative Clauses là gì?

Non-defining Relative Clauses (mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định) dùng để thêm thông tin phụ về danh từ — thông tin này có thể bỏ đi mà câu vẫn có nghĩa.

Luôn có dấu phẩy ngăn cách!

🔑 So sánh Defining vs Non-defining

Defining Non-defining
Dấu phẩy ❌ Không có ✅ Có dấu phẩy
Bỏ được không? ❌ Không (câu mất nghĩa) ✅ Có thể bỏ
Dùng that? ✅ Được ❌ Không dùng that
Ví dụ The man who stole the car was caught. Mr. Smith, who is a judge, lives here.

Cấu trúc

Đại từ Dùng cho Ví dụ
, who người My neighbour, who is a police officer, helped me.
, which vật / ý tưởng The new law, which was passed last year, reduced crime.
, where nơi chốn Tokyo, where I live, is very safe.
, whose sở hữu The judge, whose decision was fair, is well respected.

⚠️ Lưu ý quan trọng:

  • ❌ KHÔNG dùng that trong non-defining clauses
  • ✅ The police officer, who caught the thief, was brave.
  • ❌ The police officer, that caught the thief, was brave.

✏️ Bài tập 1: Thêm dấu phẩy vào vị trí đúng

  1. My father who is a lawyer works in the city centre.
  2. The new prison which was built last year is very modern.
  3. Officer Tanaka who caught the thief received an award.
  4. The courthouse where the trial took place is very old.
  5. The victim whose wallet was stolen reported to police.

✏️ Bài tập 2: Nối hai câu dùng Non-defining Relative Clause

  1. The judge made a fair decision. She has 20 years of experience.
  2. The new law reduced crime by 30%. It was introduced last year.
  3. My neighbourhood is very safe. I have lived there for five years.
  4. The police officer was very brave. His name is Yamada.
  5. The prison holds 500 inmates. It was built in 2010.

✏️ Bài tập 3: Chọn Defining hay Non-defining? Điền đúng

  1. The woman ______ reported the crime was very scared. (who / , who)
  2. Officer Lee ______ has worked here for 10 years is retiring. (, who / that)
  3. The law ______ protects children is very important. (which / , which)
  4. Tokyo ______ I was born is one of the safest cities. (where / , where)
  5. The criminal ______ stole the car was caught. (who / , who)

✅ Đáp án Bài tập 1

Câu Đáp án Giải thích
1 My father**,** who is a lawyer**,** works in the city centre. Thông tin thêm về “my father” — đã xác định rồi
2 The new prison**,** which was built last year**,** is very modern. Thông tin thêm về “the new prison”
3 Officer Tanaka**,** who caught the thief**,** received an award. Tên riêng → luôn dùng non-defining
4 The courthouse**,** where the trial took place**,** is very old. Thông tin thêm về nơi chốn đã xác định
5 Không thêm dấu phẩy — đây là defining clause Cần xác định “which victim”

✅ Đáp án Bài tập 2

Câu Đáp án
1 The judge, who has 20 years of experience, made a fair decision.
2 The new law, which was introduced last year, reduced crime by 30%.
3 My neighbourhood, where I have lived for five years, is very safe.
4 The police officer, whose name is Yamada, was very brave.
5 The prison, which was built in 2010, holds 500 inmates.

✅ Đáp án Bài tập 3

Câu Đáp án Giải thích
1 who Defining — cần xác định “which woman”
2 , who Non-defining — Officer Lee đã xác định (tên riêng)
3 which Defining — cần xác định “which law”
4 , where Non-defining — Tokyo đã xác định (tên riêng)
5 who Defining — cần xác định “which criminal”

😴 Trước ngủ (10-15 phút) — Nghe + Đọc

🎧 Listening: Nghe BBC (5 phút)

👉 BBC Learning English - Is crime going up?

💡 Mẹo: Nghe lần 1 không nhìn text. Nghe lần 2 vừa nghe vừa đọc transcript.

📖 Reading: Đoạn đọc ngắn (5 phút)

Crime is a problem in many countries. The police, who work hard every day, try to keep people safe. When a criminal is caught, there is usually a trial in court.

During the trial, the judge listens to the evidence and witnesses. If the person is found guilty, they may receive a punishment such as prison or a fine. If they are innocent, they are free to go.

Public safety, which is everyone’s responsibility, can be improved through education and better laws.

(88 từ)

❓ Câu hỏi đọc hiểu

  1. What do the police try to do every day?
  2. What happens when a criminal is caught?
  3. What does the judge listen to during a trial?
  4. What happens if a person is found guilty?
  5. How can public safety be improved?

✅ Đáp án Reading

Câu Đáp án
1 They try to keep people safe.
2 There is usually a trial in court.
3 The judge listens to the evidence and witnesses.
4 They may receive a punishment such as prison or a fine.
5 Through education and better laws.

🎯 Tổng kết Day 3

  • Học 20 từ vựng Crime & Law
  • Hiểu Non-defining Relative Clauses (, who…, , which…)
  • Phân biệt Defining vs Non-defining
  • Làm 3 bài tập ngữ pháp
  • Đọc đoạn văn 88 từ + trả lời câu hỏi
  • Nghe BBC Learning English 1 lần

🌟 Bạn đã biết cách thêm thông tin phụ bằng Non-defining Relative Clauses rồi! Rất hữu ích cho IELTS Writing đấy! ⚖️✨