Ngày 2: Final Grammar Refresh — Checklist lỗi thường gặp

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✏️ Final Grammar Refresh

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🚨 Top 20 Lỗi Ngữ Pháp IELTS — Checklist

❌ Lỗi 1: Thiếu mạo từ (a/an/the)

• ❌ Pollution is Ø big problem.
• ✅ Pollution is a big problem.
• 💡 Quy tắc: Danh từ đếm được số ít LUÔN cần mạo từ hoặc determiner.

❌ Lỗi 2: Subject-Verb Agreement

• ❌ The number of students are increasing.
• ✅ The number of students is increasing.
• 💡 Nhớ: “The number of” + singular verb. “A number of” + plural verb.

❌ Lỗi 3: Nhầm thì (Tense confusion)

• ❌ Last year, the government increase taxes.
• ✅ Last year, the government increased taxes.
• 💡 Quy tắc: Có time marker trong quá khứ → dùng past tense.

❌ Lỗi 4: Run-on sentences (Câu chạy)

• ❌ Education is important it helps people get jobs.
• ✅ Education is important because it helps people get jobs.
• 💡 Fix: Thêm liên từ (because, so, and) hoặc tách thành 2 câu.

❌ Lỗi 5: Dùng sai “depend”

• ❌ It is depend on the situation.
• ✅ It depends on the situation.
• 💡 Nhớ: “depend” là động từ, không cần “is” phía trước.

❌ Lỗi 6: Uncountable nouns + plural

• ❌ Many informations are available.
• ✅ Much information is available.
• 💡 Từ không đếm được: information, advice, research, knowledge, equipment, furniture.

❌ Lỗi 7: Sai comparative/superlative

• ❌ This is more better than before.
• ✅ This is better than before.
• 💡 Quy tắc: Không dùng “more” + từ đã có dạng so sánh riêng.

❌ Lỗi 8: Thiếu “it” trong cấu trúc

• ❌ Is important to study hard.
• ✅ It is important to study hard.
• 💡 Nhớ: Tiếng Anh luôn cần chủ ngữ — dùng “It” làm formal subject.

❌ Lỗi 9: Although… but…

• ❌ Although it rained, but we went out.
• ✅ Although it rained, we went out. HOẶC It rained, but we went out.
• 💡 Quy tắc: Chỉ dùng MỘT trong hai: although HOẶC but, không cả hai.

❌ Lỗi 10: Sai giới từ (Preposition errors)

• ❌ I am interested for music.
• ✅ I am interested in music.
• 💡 Collocation phổ biến: interested IN, depend ON, consist OF, result IN, lead TO.

❌ Lỗi 11: Passive voice sai

• ❌ The problem was solve quickly.
• ✅ The problem was solved quickly.
• 💡 Cấu trúc: be + V3 (past participle). Luôn dùng V3!

❌ Lỗi 12: Dùng “the” trước tên quốc gia

• ❌ I live in the Vietnam.
• ✅ I live in Vietnam.
• 💡 Ngoại lệ có “the”: the UK, the US, the Netherlands, the Philippines.

❌ Lỗi 13: Gerund vs Infinitive

• ❌ I enjoy to play sports.
• ✅ I enjoy playing sports.
• 💡 Theo sau enjoy/avoid/consider/suggest: dùng V-ing.

❌ Lỗi 14: “People” là số nhiều

• ❌ People is concerned about pollution.
• ✅ People are concerned about pollution.
• 💡 Nhớ: “People” = plural. “Person” = singular.

❌ Lỗi 15: Sai word form (Sai loại từ)

• ❌ The pollute is serious. (dùng verb thay noun)
• ✅ The pollution is serious.
• 💡 Tip: Xác định vị trí cần noun/verb/adj/adv trước khi điền.

❌ Lỗi 16: Double negative

• ❌ I don’t have nothing.
• ✅ I don’t have anything. HOẶC I have nothing.
• 💡 Quy tắc: Tiếng Anh chuẩn KHÔNG dùng double negative.

❌ Lỗi 17: “Very” + extreme adjectives

• ❌ The test was very excellent.
• ✅ The test was excellent. HOẶC The test was absolutely excellent.
• 💡 Quy tắc: “Very” + gradable adj. “Absolutely” + extreme adj.

❌ Lỗi 18: Conditional sentences sai

• ❌ If I will study hard, I will pass.
• ✅ If I study hard, I will pass.
• 💡 Conditional 1: If + present simple, will + V.

❌ Lỗi 19: “Make” vs “Do”

• ❌ I need to make my homework.
• ✅ I need to do my homework.
• 💡 Do: homework, research, exercise, business. Make: decision, mistake, progress, effort.

❌ Lỗi 20: Fragment (Câu không đầy đủ)

• ❌ Because the weather was bad. (thiếu main clause)
• ✅ We stayed home because the weather was bad.
• 💡 Quy tắc: Mệnh đề phụ không thể đứng một mình.

📝 Bài tập: Sửa lỗi nhanh (20 câu)

Tìm và sửa lỗi trong mỗi câu:

1. Education is very important for develop a country.
2. The government should provides more funding.
3. Although technology is useful, but it has disadvantages.
4. Many peoples believe that exercise is good.
5. The number of cars are increasing rapidly.
6. I am agree with this opinion.
7. Pollution affect our health seriously.
8. Children should to study hard every day.
9. It has many advantages of living in cities.
10. The informations in this report is incorrect.
11. If I will have more time, I will study more.
12. People who lives in cities face many problems.
13. This problem is more worse than before.
14. I interested in learning English.
15. He suggested to ban smoking in public.
16. The environment is being destroy by humans.
17. In recently years, technology has changed rapidly.
18. It is importance to protect the environment.
19. Most of people prefer living in cities.
20. Despite of the rain, we went to school.

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